The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation offers 4 programs for postdoctoral researchers abroad:

• Feodor Lynen Fellowship (USA)
• JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowhsip (Japan - long term). Short term fellowships  for postdocs are distributed through DAAD
• MOST Taiwan fellowship for postdocs

For more information, please visit the Foundation's program website at http://www.humboldt-foundation.de/web/programme.html